5-Amino-1MQ Dosage: Four Papers Exist, All of Them in Mice or Cells

5-amino-1MQ is not a peptide and has no human data of any kind. The indexed literature is four papers — obese mice, tumour fibroblasts, DIO mice and HeLa cells — and the oral capsule doses circulating trace to none of them.

Robert F · Edited by Caroline S · Published 2026-09-11

Illustration: A precision scale with a vial of powder, next to four journals on a cool grey desk. — Illustration

Most compounds in this catalogue have a thin evidence file. 5-amino-1MQ has almost no file at all. A title-and-abstract search of the indexed literature returns four papers, and every one of them is in mice or in a dish.

It is also, unlike everything else on this page's neighbours, not a peptide — a description it shares with tesofensine, a small-molecule reuptake inhibitor sold through the same channel, whose human dose record is the opposite of this one's in every respect. This page reports what the sources state and does not recommend anything. Our page on the questions we ask of any dosage figure sets out what separates a label figure from a convention. How brands appear on this site is set out on our disclosure page.

What it is, and why it is filed here

5-amino-1MQ is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium — a small molecule built on a quinolinium ring, not a chain of amino acids. It inhibits nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway that has drawn interest in obesity and in cancer biology.

It is sold as an oral capsule, through the same vendors and alongside the same catalogue as research peptides, which is why buyers search for it in this context and why it sits here. Nothing about peptide handling applies to it: no vial, no reconstitution, no bacteriostatic water, no cold chain.

Saying so plainly matters, because the surrounding marketing frequently does not. As with MK-677 on MuscleLedger, a compound sold beside peptides is routinely described as one.

What does not exist

DailyMed: zero records on 2026-09-11. No approved product, no labelled dose, no reviewed safety position.
ClinicalTrials.gov: no studies. None registered, in any phase, anywhere.
PubMed randomised-controlled-trial filter: zero — trivially, since the whole file is four papers.

All four papers

"5-amino-1MQ"[tiab] OR "5-amino-1-methylquinolinium"[tiab] OR "5A1MQ"[tiab] returned four records. Four is small enough to list in full, so here they are:

Year	Journal	What it is	Model
2024	Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism	NNMT inhibition mitigates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction	Mice
2024	Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer	NNMT in cancer-associated fibroblasts drives tumour progression and immunotherapy resistance	Tumour model / fibroblasts
2022	Scientific Reports	Reduced-calorie diet plus NNMT inhibition establishes a distinct microbiome	Diet-induced-obese mice
2021	Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology	Small-molecule NNMT inhibitor shows anti-proliferative activity	HeLa cells
Human studies	—	—	0

The 2024 metabolic paper is the one retail pages lean on, and it is a real paper in a real journal. It is a mouse study.

The gap between the molecule and the target

Widening the search from the compound to the enzyme class — "NNMT inhibitor"[tiab] OR "nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor"[tiab] — returns 36 records.

Nine times as much has been published about the target class as about the molecule being sold. That ratio is the practical warning. A retail page citing "the research on NNMT inhibition" is usually citing the 36, not the four, and a reader who follows the citation will find work on other inhibitors, in other models, at other exposures.

Why there is no arithmetic on this page

Every other dosage page on this site ends with a conversion: a vial size, a reconstitution volume, a figure in syringe units. This one cannot, and the reason is worth stating.

The circulating figures are 50 mg or 100 mg per day orally, sometimes 150 mg. They are capsule figures. To connect them to the published work you would need at least one of:

a human pharmacokinetic study — none published;
an oral bioavailability figure — none published;
a half-life or clearance value in any species at these exposures — none published;
a dose-response relationship for any endpoint — none published in humans.

The cell-culture paper states a micromolar concentration in a dish, where there is no absorption, no first-pass metabolism, no distribution and no clearance. There is no arithmetic that converts that to a capsule. Pages that present one have invented it.

What is not established

No approved label anywhere, so no dose has been reviewed by a regulator.
No trial registration anywhere, so no human protocol or result exists.
No human data of any kind in the indexed literature — not efficacy, not safety, not pharmacokinetics.
No stated origin for the 50 mg, 100 mg or 150 mg figures.
No published oral bioavailability, which is the specific gap that makes a capsule figure unverifiable.
The target is simultaneously an oncology target. Two of the four papers concern cancer biology. What chronic inhibition of an NAD+-pathway enzyme does in a healthy person is not something the published record addresses in either direction.

What a reader can check in five minutes

Search DailyMed for 5-amino-1MQ — zero records.
Search ClinicalTrials.gov — no studies.
Run the three-name PubMed query and read all four titles. Note the model in each.
Run the NNMT-inhibitor query and see 36 — then check whether any retail citation you were given is in the four or in the other 32.
Ask any page quoting a milligram figure which study it came from.

SLU-PP-332 is the other metabolic small molecule sold in capsules through this channel, and its developers have published that it is not orally available. Our AOD-9604 page covers another compound whose circulating figures have no traceable origin, and our MOTS-c page covers a mitochondrial peptide with a comparably early evidence base. How to read a dosing claim sets out the checks that catch a figure converted out of a cell-culture concentration.

Sources and dates

Opened 2026-09-11: the DailyMed SPL search API for 5-amino-1MQ (zero records); the ClinicalTrials.gov v2 API for 5-amino-1MQ (no studies); PubMed through the NCBI E-utilities for "5-amino-1MQ"[tiab] OR "5-amino-1-methylquinolinium"[tiab] OR "5A1MQ"[tiab] (four records, PMIDs 39161060, 39067875, 35013352 and 33645410, all four summaries retrieved and listed in the table above), and for "NNMT inhibitor"[tiab] OR "nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor"[tiab] (36 records). Corrections go to the contact page.

Peptifact facts

5-amino-1MQ is not a peptide. It is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium, a small-molecule inhibitor of the enzyme nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), sold as an oral capsule. It is catalogued here because it is sold through the same channel as research peptides, not because it belongs to the class.
There is no FDA-approved product containing 5-amino-1MQ. A DailyMed search on 2026-09-11 returned zero records, so there is no labelled dose, no maximum and no reviewed safety position.
ClinicalTrials.gov holds no registration for the compound. A registry search returns no studies at all — not recruiting, not completed, not withdrawn.
A PubMed title-and-abstract search for 5-amino-1MQ, 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium or 5A1MQ returned exactly four records on 2026-09-11. We retrieved all four. Every one is preclinical: obese mice, cancer-associated fibroblasts, diet-induced-obese mice, and HeLa cervical cancer cells.
The four are: 'Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition mitigates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction' (Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 2024); an NNMT-in-cancer-associated-fibroblasts paper (Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, 2024); 'Reduced calorie diet combined with NNMT inhibition establishes a distinct microbiome in DIO mice' (Scientific Reports, 2022); and 'Small molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase shows anti-proliferative activity in HeLa cells' (Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2021).
Widening the search to NNMT inhibitors as a class returns 36 records, so the target has a literature even though this specific compound has almost none. Nine times as much has been published about the enzyme class as about the molecule being sold.
There is no human pharmacokinetic data in the indexed literature: no published oral bioavailability figure, no half-life, no dose-response curve in any species at the doses stated on retail pages.
The oral figures circulating on retail pages — commonly 50 mg or 100 mg per day, sometimes 150 mg — are not traceable to any of the four papers, which used the compound in mice by injection or in diet, and in cell culture at molar concentrations. A micromolar concentration in a dish does not convert to a milligram capsule figure.
One of the four papers reports anti-proliferative activity in a cancer cell line and another concerns tumour progression in cancer-associated fibroblasts, so the same enzyme target is being studied in oncology and in metabolism simultaneously. The published record does not establish what inhibiting it chronically does in a healthy person.

Frequently asked questions

What is the standard 5-amino-1MQ dose?

There is no standard in any sense a reader can check. No approved label, no trial registration, and four indexed papers — none of them in humans and none using an oral capsule at the figures retail pages state. The numbers that circulate are 50 mg or 100 mg per day, occasionally 150 mg. We could not trace any of them to a published study. This page reports that absence rather than filling it.

Is 5-amino-1MQ a peptide?

No. It is 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium, a small molecule — a quinolinium ring, not a chain of amino acids. It is sold alongside research peptides and searched for alongside them, which is why it appears in this catalogue, but nothing about peptide handling, reconstitution or storage applies to it. It is supplied as an oral capsule, not a lyophilized vial.

What do the four papers actually show?

They are all preclinical. A 2024 paper in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism reports that NNMT inhibition mitigates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction in mice. A 2024 paper in the Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer concerns the enzyme in cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumour progression. A 2022 Scientific Reports paper combines a reduced-calorie diet with NNMT inhibition in diet-induced-obese mice and reports a distinct microbiome. A 2021 paper in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology reports anti-proliferative activity in HeLa cells. Together they describe an interesting enzyme target. None of them describes what a capsule does in a person.

Why does a search for NNMT inhibitors return so much more?

Because the enzyme is a genuine research target and the molecule is one early tool compound among several. A search for NNMT or nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitors returns 36 title-and-abstract records against four for this specific compound. That ratio is worth knowing when a retail page cites 'the research on NNMT inhibition' — most of that research is about the target class, and a reader checking it will not find this molecule in most of it.

Can a cell-culture concentration be converted to a capsule dose?

No, and the attempt is a common source of invented figures. Cell-culture work states concentrations in micromolar terms in a dish with a known volume and no absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion. An oral capsule figure depends on bioavailability, first-pass metabolism, distribution volume and clearance — none of which has been published for this compound in any species at the relevant doses. There is no arithmetic that bridges the two, which is why no figure on this page is presented as a conversion.

Are there safety data?

None in humans. There is no label, no trial, no published human pharmacokinetics and no published human safety observation. What can be said from the four papers is narrower and worth stating plainly: the same enzyme target is being investigated in oncology at the same time as in metabolism, and chronic inhibition of an enzyme in the NAD+ pathway in a healthy person is not something the published record addresses.